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Important Deer Food Plants by Common Name
 
 
 

White-Tailed Deer:
Their Foods & Management in the Cross Timbers

Table of Contents & Preface
Introduction

Habitat requirements
   General concepts
   Food requirements
         Methods used to gather data
         Overall use of forage classes
         Seasonal use of forages
         Specific seasonal deer diets
               Spring
               Summer
               Fall
               Winter
               Summary
   Cover requirements
   Water requirements
   Space requirements

Habitat management
   General concepts
   Food management
   Cover management
   Water management
   Space management

Population health/evaluation
   Introduction & aging deer
   Body size & antler characteristics
   Fat deposits
   Reproductive success

Population management
   Introduction
   Population inventory
         Harvest records
         Deer surveys
   Population regulation
         Potential mng't goals

Conclusion/additional info

References

Appendix A:
Plants of the NFWU

Appendix B:
Deer diets on the NFWU

Appendix C:
Pictures and descriptions of
important deer food plants in the
Cross Timbers region

Glossary for Appendix C

    
Appendix C
Pictures & Descriptions of Important Deer Food Plants in the Cross Timbers Region
Listed by common name
See Also: Photos Indexed by Scientific Name | Photos Indexed by Family Name
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Amberique bean Strophostyles helvola Fabaceae C-53
Ash-leaved maple Acer negundo Aceraceae C-3
Awnless beggar-ticks Bidens aristosa Asteraceae C-14
Bamboo greenbrier Smilax tamnoides Liliaceae C-84
Bastard indigo Amorpha fruticosa Fabaceae C-33
Beggar's-lice (hoary tick clover) Desmodium canescens Fabaceae C-36
Beggar's-lice (tick trefoil) Desmodium ciliare Fabaceae C-37
Big hop clover Trifolium campestre Fabaceae C-55
Big-tree plum Prunus mexicana Rosaceae C-99
Black bindweed Polygonum convolvulus Polygonaceae C-90
Black cornbind Polygonum convolvulus Polygonaceae C-90
Black oak Quercus velutina Fagaceae C-66
Blackjack Quercus marilandica Fagaceae C-62
Blackjack oak Quercus marilandica Fagaceae C-62
Bloodweed Ambrosia trifida Asteraceae C-12
Bodark Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Bodock Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Bois d'arc Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Bosc dichanthelium Dichanthelium ravenelii Gramineae C-76
Bosc panicum Dichanthelium ravenelii Gramineae C-76
Box elder Acer negundo Aceraceae C-3
Bray oak Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae C-63
Bristly greenbrier Smilax tamnoides Liliaceae C-84
Broomcorn Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Buckbrush Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Caprifoliaceae C-22
Bullbrier Smilax bona-nox Liliaceae C-83
Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa Fagaceae C-61
Bush clover Lespedeza capitata Fabaceae C-42
Button clover Medicago orbicularis Fabaceae C-50
Button medic Medicago orbicularis Fabaceae C-50
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Canada brome Bromus pubescens Gramineae C-69
Carolina cranesbill Geranium carolinianum Geraniaceae C-67
Carolina geranium Geranium carolinianum Geraniaceae C-67
Carolina moonseed Cocculus carolinus Menispermaceae C-86
Carolina snail-seed Cocculus carolinus Menispermaceae C-86
Catbrier Smilax bona-nox Liliaceae C-83
Catchweed bedstraw Galium aparine Rubiaceae C-101
Catfoot Gnaphalium obtusifolium Asteraceae C-17
Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum Gramineae C-70
Cheatgrass brome Bromus tectorum Gramineae C-70
Chestnut oak Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae C-63
Chickasaw plum Prunus angustifolia Rosaceae C-98
Chicken corn Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Chickweed Stellaria media Caryophyllaceae C-24
Chickweed starwort Stellaria media Caryophyllaceae C-24
Chinaroot Smilax tamnoides Liliaceae C-84
Chinese bush clover Lespedeza cuneata Fabaceae C-43
Chinese lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata Fabaceae C-43
Chinkapin oak Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae C-63
Chinquapin oak Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae C-63
Clammy chickweed Cerastium glomeratum Caryophyllaceae C-23
Cleavers Galium aparine Rubiaceae C-101
Cleavers bedstraw Galium aparine Rubiaceae C-101
Climbing buckwheat Polygonum convolvulus Polygonaceae C-90
Common chickweed Stellaria media Caryophyllaceae C-24
Common honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos Fabaceae C-41
Common lespedeza Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Common poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans Anacardiaceae C-7
Common ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Asteraceae C-9
Common vetch Vicia sativa Fabaceae C-59
Common yellow oxalis Oxalis dillenii Oxalidaceae C-88
Coralberry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Caprifoliaceae C-22
Coreopsis beggar-ticks Bidens aristosa Asteraceae C-14
Cork elm Ulmus alata Ulmaceae C-104
Cowboy rose Callirhoe involucrata Malvaceae C-85
Creek plum Prunus rivularis Rosaceae C-100
Creeping bush clover Lespedeza repens Fabaceae C-45
Creeping lespedeza Lespedeza repens Fabaceae C-45
Cross clover Galium circaezans Rubiaceae C-102
Croton Croton glandulosus Euphorbiaceae C-30
Crownbeard Verbesina helianthoides Asteraceae C-20
Curltop lady's thumb Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonaceae C-92
Curltop smartweed Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonaceae C-92
Deertongue dichanthelium Dichanthelium clandestinum Gramineae C-72
Deertongue panicum Dichanthelium clandestinum Gramineae C-72
Dotted smartweed Polygonum punctatum Polygonaceae C-95
Doveweed (croton) Croton glandulosus Euphorbiaceae C-30
Doveweed (one-seeded croton) Croton monanthogynus Euphorbiaceae C-32
Doveweed (three-seeded croton) Croton lindheimerianus Euphorbiaceae C-31
Doveweed (woolly croton) Croton capitatus Euphorbiaceae C-29
Downy brome Bromus tectorum Gramineae C-70
Dullseed cornbind Polygonum convolvulus Polygonaceae C-90
Durra Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Dwarf sumac Rhus copallina Anacardiaceae C-5
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Egyptian wheat Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
False indigo Amorpha fruticosa Fabaceae C-33
Feterita Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Flameleaf sumac Rhus copallina Anacardiaceae C-5
Flowering dogwood Cornus florida Cornaceae C-26
Fragrant cudweed Gnaphalium obtusifolium Asteraceae C-17
Fragrant everlasting Gnaphalium obtusifolium Asteraceae C-17
Fragrant sumac Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
Fringed oxalis Oxalis dillenii Oxalidaceae C-88
Frostweed Verbesina virginica Asteraceae C-21
Giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida Asteraceae C-12
Goatweed (croton) Croton glandulosus Euphorbiaceae C-30
Goatweed (one-seeded croton) Croton monanthogynus Euphorbiaceae C-32
Goatweed (three-seeded croton) Croton lindheimerianus Euphorbiaceae C-31
Goatweed (woolly croton) Croton capitatus Euphorbiaceae C-29
Goose grass Galium aparine Rubiaceae C-101
Grain sorghum Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Grapes Vitis spp. Vitaceae C-106
Gravelweed crownbeard Verbesina helianthoides Asteraceae C-20
Gray-green wood sorrel Oxalis dillenii Oxalidaceae C-88
Great ragweed Ambrosia trifida Asteraceae C-12
Greenbrier Smilax bona-nox Liliaceae C-83
Guinea corn Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Hairy bedstraw Galium pilosum Rubiaceae C-103
Hairy vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae C-60
Hedge parsley Torilis arvensis Apiaceae C-8
Hellfetter Smilax tamnoides Liliaceae C-84
Hoary tick clover Desmodium canescens Fabaceae C-36
Hog plum Prunus rivularis Rosaceae C-100
Hogwort Croton capitatus Euphorbiaceae C-29
Honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos Fabaceae C-41
Hop clover Trifolium dubium Fabaceae C-56
Horse apple Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Horseweed (giant ragweed) Ambrosia trifida Asteraceae C-12
Horseweed (mare's tail) Conyza canadensis Asteraceae C-15
Horseweed fleabane Conyza canadensis Asteraceae C-15
Hubam Melilotus albus Fabaceae C-51
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Indian currant Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Caprifoliaceae C-22
Indian currant coralberry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Caprifoliaceae C-22
Indian millet Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Indigobush amorpha Amorpha fruticosa Fabaceae C-33
Japan bush clover Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Japan clover Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Japanese brome Bromus japonicus Gramineae C-68
Japanese clover Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Japanese lespedeza Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Jap clover Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Jumpseed Polygonum virginianum Polygonaceae C-96
Kafir Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Kaoliang Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Knotweed Polygonum aviculare Polygonaceae C-89
Kobe Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Korean bush clover Lespedeza stipulacea Fabaceae C-46
Korean clover Lespedeza stipulacea Fabaceae C-46
Korean lespedeza Lespedeza stipulacea Fabaceae C-46
Ladies' tobacco Antennaria parlinii Asteraceae C-13
Ladino clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae C-57
Lady's thumb Polygonum persicaria Polygonaceae C-94
Lanceleaf ragweed Ambrosia bidentata Asteraceae C-10
Lemon sumac Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
Littleleaf tick clover Desmodium ciliare Fabaceae C-37
Longleaf tick clover Desmodium cuspidatum Fabaceae C-38
Longstyle smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Polygonaceae C-93
Low hop clover Trifolium campestre Fabaceae C-55
Low poppy mallow Callirhoe involucrata Malvaceae C-85
Maize Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Mare's tail Conyza canadensis Asteraceae C-15
Mexican plum Prunus mexicana Rosaceae C-99
Mignonette clover Trifolium campestre Fabaceae C-55
Milo Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Mild water pepper Polygonum hydropiperoides Polygonaceae C-91
Moonseed Cocculus carolinus Menispermaceae C-86
Mossy-cup oak Quercus macrocarpa Fagaceae C-61
Mouse-ear chickweed Cerastium glomeratum Caryophyllaceae C-23
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Narrowleaf vetch Vicia sativa Fabaceae C-59
Narrow-leaved vetch Vicia sativa Fabaceae C-59
Nettle-leaved vervain Verbena urticifolia Verbenaceae C-105
One-seed croton Croton monanthogynus Euphorbiaceae C-32
One-seeded croton Croton monanthogynus Euphorbiaceae C-32
Open flower dichanthelium Dichanthelium laxiflorum Gramineae C-74
Open flower panicum Dichanthelium laxiflorum Gramineae C-74
Osage apple Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Osage orange Maclura pomifera Moraceae C-87
Pale smartweed Polygonum lapathifolium Polygonaceae C-92
Panicled tick clover Desmodium paniculatum Fabaceae C-39
Partridge pea Cassia fasciculata Fabaceae C-34
Pennsylvania smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Polygonaceae C-93
Pink smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Polygonaceae C-93
Plainleaf pussytoes Antennaria parlinii Asteraceae C-13
Plains clover Trifolium campestre Fabaceae C-55
Plantainleaf pussytoes Antennaria parlinii Asteraceae C-13
Poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans Anacardiaceae C-7
Polecat bush Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
Post oak Quercus stellata Fagaceae C-65
Prairie tea Croton monanthogynus Euphorbiaceae C-32
Prostrate knotweed Polygonum aviculare Polygonaceae C-89
Purple cudweed Gnaphalium purpureum Asteraceae C-18
Purple poppy mallow Callirhoe involucrata Malvaceae C-85
Pygmy-flowered vetch Vicia minutiflora Fabaceae C-58
Ragweed Ambrosia bidentata Asteraceae C-10
Red-berried moonseed Cocculus carolinus Menispermaceae C-86
Red oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Redroot Geum canadense Rosaceae C-97
Reed fescue Festuca arundinacea Gramineae C-79
Rescue brome Bromus unioloides Gramineae C-71
Rescue grass Bromus unioloides Gramineae C-71
Richweed Ambrosia trifida Asteraceae C-12
Rough-leaf dogwood Cornus drummondii Cornaceae C-25
Rough-leaved dogwood Cornus drummondii Cornaceae C-25
Roundhead lespedeza Lespedeza capitata Fabaceae C-42
Russian vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae C-60
Rye Secale cereale Gramineae C-80
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Sandhill plum Prunus angustifolia Rosaceae C-98
Sand plum Prunus angustifolia Rosaceae C-98
Saw greenbrier Smilax bona-nox Liliaceae C-83
Scarlet sumac Rhus glabra Anacardiaceae C-6
Schneck oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Scribner's dichanthelium Dichanthelium oligosanthes Gramineae C-75
Sensitive partridge pea Cassia nictitans Fabaceae C-35
Sensitive pea Cassia nictitans Fabaceae C-35
Sericea lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata Fabaceae C-43
Sessileleaf tick clover Desmodium sessilifolium Fabaceae C-40
Sessile-leaved tick clover Desmodium sessilifolium Fabaceae C-40
Sessile tick clover Desmodium sessilifolium Fabaceae C-40
Shallu Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Shamrock Trifolium dubium Fabaceae C-56
Shining sumac Rhus copallina Anacardiaceae C-5
Short ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Asteraceae C-9
Showy partridge pea Cassia fasciculata Fabaceae C-34
Shumard oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Shumard red oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Shumard's oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Skunkbrush Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
Skunkbush Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
Slender bush clover Lespedeza virginica Fabaceae C-49
Slender bush lespedeza Lespedeza virginica Fabaceae C-49
Slender copperleaf Acalypha gracilens Euphorbiaceae C-27
Slender lespedeza Lespedeza virginica Fabaceae C-49
Slender tick clover Desmodium ciliare Fabaceae C-37
Slickseed wild bean Strophostyles leiosperma Fabaceae C-54
Smallflower vetch Vicia minutiflora Fabaceae C-58
Small hop clover Trifolium dubium Fabaceae C-56
Small panic grass Dichanthelium oligosanthes Gramineae C-75
Small wild bean Strophostyles leiosperma Fabaceae C-54
Small-flowered vetch Vicia minutiflora Fabaceae C-58
Smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum Polygonaceae C-93
Smooth seed wild bean Strophostyles leiosperma Fabaceae C-54
Smooth sumac Rhus glabra Anacardiaceae C-6
Smooth vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae C-60
Snail-seed Cocculus carolinus Menispermaceae C-86
Sorghum Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Sorgo Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Southern ragweed Ambrosia bidentata Asteraceae C-10
Southern red oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Spotted lady's thumb Polygonum persicaria Polygonaceae C-94
Spotted oak Quercus shumardii Fagaceae C-64
Spotted smartweed Polygonum persicaria Polygonaceae C-94
Sticky cerastium Cerastium glomeratum Caryophyllaceae C-23
Sticky chickweed Cerastium glomeratum Caryophyllaceae C-23
Stuve's lespedeza Lespedeza stuevei Fabaceae C-48
Suckling clover Trifolium dubium Fabaceae C-56
Sudan grass Sorghum bicolor Gramineae C-81
Swamp smartweed Polygonum hydropiperoides Polygonaceae C-91
Sweet everlasting Gnaphalium obtusifolium Asteraceae C-17
Sweet-scented sumac Rhus aromatica Anacardiaceae C-4
       
Common name Scientific name Family Page*
Tall bush clover Lespedeza stuevei Fabaceae C-48
Tall bush lespedeza Lespedeza stuevei Fabaceae C-48
Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea Gramineae C-79
Tennessee 76 Lespedeza striata Fabaceae C-47
Threeseed croton Croton lindheimerianus Euphorbiaceae C-31
Three-seeded croton Croton lindheimerianus Euphorbiaceae C-31
Three-seeded mercury (slender copperleaf) Acalypha gracilens Euphorbiaceae C-27
Three-seeded mercury (Virginia copperleaf) Acalypha virginica Euphorbiaceae C-28
Tick trefoil Desmodium ciliare Fabaceae C-37
Tickseed sunflower Bidens aristosa Asteraceae C-14
Trailing bush clover Lespedeza procumbens Fabaceae C-44
Trailing lespedeza Lespedeza procumbens Fabaceae C-44
Trailing wild bean Strophostyles helvola Fabaceae C-53
Tropic croton Croton glandulosus Euphorbiaceae C-30
Velvet dichanthelium Dichanthelium scoparium Gramineae C-77
Velvet panic grass Dichanthelium scoparium Gramineae C-77
Velvet panicum Dichanthelium scoparium Gramineae C-77
Virginia copperleaf Acalypha virginica Euphorbiaceae C-28
Virginia knotweed Polygonum virginianum Polygonaceae C-96
Wahoo Ulmus alata Ulmaceae C-104
Water smartweed Polygonum punctatum Polygonaceae C-95
Weed bedstraw Galium circaezans Rubiaceae C-102
Weeping love grass Eragrostis curvula Gramineae C-78
Western ragweed Ambrosia psilostachya Asteraceae C-11
Wheat Triticum aestivum Gramineae C-82
White avens Geum canadense Rosaceae C-97
White clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae C-57
White crownbeard Verbesina virginica Asteraceae C-21
White-haired dichanthelium Dichanthelium lanuginosum Gramineae C-73
White sweet clover Melilotus albus Fabaceae C-51
White verbena Verbena urticifolia Verbenaceae C-105
White vervain Verbena urticifolia Verbenaceae C-105
Wild bean Strophostyles helvola Fabaceae C-53
Wild buckwheat Polygonum convolvulus Polygonaceae C-90
Wild licorice Galium circaezans Rubiaceae C-102
Wine-cup Callirhoe involucrata Malvaceae C-85
Winged elm Ulmus alata Ulmaceae C-104
Winged sumac Rhus copallina Anacardiaceae C-5
Wing-rib sumac Rhus copallina Anacardiaceae C-5
Wingstem Verbesina alternifolia Asteraceae C-19
Winter vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae C-60
Woods bedstraw Galium circaezans Rubiaceae C-102
Woolly croton Croton capitatus Euphorbiaceae C-29
Woolly dichanthelium Dichanthelium lanuginosum Gramineae C-73
Woolly panicum Dichanthelium lanuginosum Gramineae C-73
Woollypod vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae C-60
Yellow bark oak Quercus velutina Fagaceae C-66
Yellow chestnut oak Quercus muhlenbergii Fagaceae C-63
Yellow ironweed, wingstem Verbesina alternifolia Asteraceae C-19
Yellow sweet clover Melilotus officinalis Fabaceae C-52
Yellow wingstem Verbesina alternifolia Asteraceae C-19
Yellow wood sorrel Oxalis dillenii Oxalidaceae C-88
Yerba de tajo Eclipta prostrata Asteraceae C-16
 

*Page number is a reference to the printed version of this publication
  Previous: Appendix B: Composition of Deer Diets on NFWU Next: Glossary for Appendix C  

 

  
         
       
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