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Objective: To ensure the proper handling, storage, and administration of all cattle health products, and to ensure proper record keeping for all treatments.
4.1 Receiving Health Products
- 1. Purchase and use only FDA/USDA/EPA approved health products for treating cattle.
2. Record the purchase and use of cattle health products in the Animal Health Products Inventory and Use Record (Form 100).
3. Store the products according to label directions in the refrigerator or in a clean dry cabinet that can be locked. Do not store food in refrigerators that are used for animal medications.
4. Maintain a temperature of 55-75 degrees Fahrenheit in the medication rooms.
5. Place label inserts of all animal health products used in an Animal Health Product Labels binder.
6. Update the Animal Health Product Withdrawal Record (Form 101) upon purchase of a new product.
4.2A Before Administering the Product
- 1. Get authorization from management before administering any products.
2. Read label directions before a medication is used to ensure that the proper use, dosage, route of administration, frequency and timing of administration, withdrawal periods, and negative side effects are observed.
3. For extra label drug use, consult a veterinarian, and follow withdrawal times set by the veterinarian. Only a licensed veterinarian working with a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR) has the option of using drugs off label.
4. Check expiration dates on all products and check all products for contamination (possible discoloration or thickening) before use.
5. Dispose of outdated and contaminated products in normal refuse containers and record disposal date on the Animal Health Product Inventory and Use Record (Form 100).
6. Read the label directions to determine how long a reconstituted vaccine can remain mixed before it is used. NOTE: Most modified live vaccines must be reconstituted by adding sterile water to a dehydrated "cake" in a separate sterile vial. Once the water is added, the viral organisms are fragile and will be "live" only for a short time. As a rule of thumb, only reconstitute enough vaccine to be used in 45-60 minutes.
7. Record the number of needles removed from the needle storage in the Needle Inventory Check In / Check Out Record (Form 102). Immediately report to management if needle inventory shows needles unaccounted for. It could mean possible needle breakage in an animal.
8. Ensure that needles and syringes are clean and not cracked or broken.
9. Properly restrain the animal for all procedures. Refer to GMP 3.0 for proper restraint technique.
10. If the injection site is dirty, clean the site with water only before giving injections. Use a damp rag to rid the site of manure and/or mud.
11. Record the individual or group treatment details in the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103) before the animal or group is treated.
- 1. Administer products strictly according to the label.
2. Give all intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SQ) injections in the neck; NEVER in the top sirloin (rump) or hindquarter.
3. When possible, use SQ, intravenous (IV), and oral products instead of IM products.
4. Use the tented method for SQ injections (lift the skin and slide the needle into the space created between the hide and the muscle layers).
5. Do not administer more than 10 cc in any one injection site location. Space multiple injections 2-3 inches apart.
6. Use separate, labeled syringes for each product.
7. Never put a used injection needle back into a drug bottle.
8. Clean syringes after use and before using a different drug in the same syringe. Do not use disinfectants to clean syringes for modified-live viral vaccine. Use water only. Soap residue will kill the virus.
9. For processing stocker and feedlot cattle, change needles frequently (every 10-15 uses), or when bent, dull, burred, or dirty.
10. For breeding cattle, change needles and palpation gloves after every animal is treated or examined.
11. When treating sick cattle, change needles after every animal is treated.
12. If a needle breaks off inside the animal during injection, immediately identify the animal and contact a veterinarian to remove the needle. If the needle cannot be found and removed, make note on the individual animal's Treatment Record (Form 104). If the animal is going to be shipped for slaughter, inform the packer of the needle and send the animal to slaughter as a "suspect."
13. Use only zero day withdrawal products in the last 50 days before slaughter.
4.2C After Administering the Product
- 1. Return all remaining products back to their proper storage location.
2. Dispose of any unused, reconstituted modified live vaccines.
3. Update the Animal Health Product Inventory and Use Record (Form 100) after use of each product.
4. Return any unused needles back to the needle storage container.
5. Record the number of needles discarded and returned in the Needle Inventory Check In / Check Out Record (Form 102) to ensure the number of needles returned and discarded matches the number of needles initially checked out.
6. Dispose of used sharps (needles and scalpel blades) in the container marked SHARPS and NOT in the regular garbage.
7. When the sharps container is full, take it to a veterinarian and exchange it for a new one.
8. Dispose of syringes and empty pharmaceutical bottles in the regular garbage. 9. Properly clean the area.
10. As soon as possible, transfer the information from the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103) to the Individual Treatment Record (Form 104) for each animal receiving treatment.
- 1. Store all implants according to label directions in clean dry cabinets or in refrigerators.
2. Read label on all implants to ensure proper use.
3. Properly restrain the animal. Refer to GMP 3.0 for proper restraint technique.
4. Before implanting, record the details in the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103).
5. Before implanting, determine which ear to implant and adjust the implant gun so the needle can be positioned next to and parallel to the ear, with the slant side of the needle facing outward.
6. Implant all calves in the same ear to minimize confusion.
7. Clean the needle and implant site with a disinfectant before implanting to reduce contamination of the needle wound.
8. Load the implants in the gun.
9. Grasp the ear with one hand while the other hand positions the instrument parallel to and nearly flush with the ear. Put the point of the needle against the ear with the beveled part facing outward.
10. Insert the needle in the back-side of the ear, between the skin and the cartilage, in the middle third of the ear.
11. If the middle of the ear has been damaged, place the implant on the top of the ear.
12. If the tip of the ear is missing, place the implant in the outer _ of the remaining ear.
13. Use the tip of the needle to prick the skin, lift slightly and completely insert the needle under the skin.
14. Depress the plunger of the implant gun and withdraw the needle.
15. Gently feel the ear for the implant under the skin to see that it is inserted properly.
16. If the implant is not inserted properly, contact a veterinarian.
17. As soon as possible, transfer the implanting information from the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103) to the Individual Animal Treatment Record (Form 104).
4.4 Bolusing
- 1. Select the bolus gun and bolus gun head of the size that best fits the bolus to be administered. Also, take into account the size of the animal when selecting the size of the bolus.
2. Do not administer a large bolus to a small calf.
3. Properly restrain the animal. Refer to GMP 3.0 for proper restraint technique.
4. Load the bolus into the head of the bolus gun.
5. Open the animal's mouth by placing the arm nearest the animal over and around the animal's head and inserting the thumb into the corner of the animal's mouth. Apply downward pressure on the animal's tongue as you squeeze the jaw between the thumb and four fingers.
6. Insert the bolus gun into the animal's open mouth, along the side of the mouth and tongue to the base of the tongue.
7. Gently push the gun back into the animal's mouth and allow the animal to swallow the head of the bolus gun.
8. Depress the plunger to dispense the bolus and gently remove the gun from the animal's mouth.
9. Ensure that the animal does not spit the bolus out. If so, repeat the above steps.
10. Update the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103).
11. As soon as possible, transfer the bolusing information from the Prevention and Treatment Record (Form 103) to the Individual Animal Treatment Record (Form 104).
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