Plants of the NFWU: Scientific Name

Appendix A Plants of the Noble Foundation Wildlife Unit^a Listed by scientific name
Scientific name	Common name	Family	Relative occurrence^b
Abutilon theophrasti	Velvetleaf, Indian mallow	Malvaceae	Scarce
Acacia angustissima	Prairie acacia	Mimosaceae	Scattered
Acalypha gracilens	Three-seeded mercury	Euphorbiaceae	Common
Acalypha virginica	Three-seeded mercury	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Acer negundo	Box elder	Aceraceae	Common
Achillea millefolium	Yarrow, milfoil	Asteraceae	Common
Agalinus fasciculata	Beach agalinus	Scrophulariaceae	Scarce
Agrimonia pubescens	Downy agrimony, groovebur	Rosaceae	Scarce
Agrostis hyemalis	Winter bent grass, tickle grass	Gramineae	Unknown
Albizia julibrissin	Mimosa, baby’s breath	Mimosaceae	Scarce
Alisma plantago-aquatica	Water plantain	Alismataceae	Scarce
Allium canadense	Wild onion, Canada garlic	Liliaceae	Scattered
Allium drummondii	Drummond’s wild onion	Liliaceae	Scattered
Amaranthus hybridus	Slender pigweed, green pigweed	Amaranthaceae	Scarce
Amaranthus palmeri	Palmer’s pigweed, careless weed	Amaranthaceae	Scarce
Amaranthus retroflexus	Rough pigweed, redroot pigweed	Amaranthaceae	Scattered
Amaranthus rudis	Water hemp	Amaranthaceae	Scarce
Amaranthus spinosus	Spiny pigweed	Amaranthaceae	Scattered
Ambrosia artemisiifolia	Common ragweed	Asteraceae	Common
Ambrosia bidentata	Lanceleaf ragweed	Asteraceae	Common
Ambrosia psilostachya	Western ragweed	Asteraceae	Abundant
Ambrosia trifida	Giant ragweed, horseweed	Asteraceae	Common
Ammannia coccinea	Toothcup, purple ammania	Lythraceae	Scattered
Amorpha canescens	Leadplant	Fabaceae	Scarce
Amorpha fruticosa	False indigo	Fabaceae	Scattered
Ampelopsis arborea	Pepper vine	Vitaceae	Scarce
Ampelopsis cordata	Raccoon grape	Vitaceae	Scarce
Amphicarpa bracteata	Hog peanut	Fabaceae	Scarce
Andropogon gerardii	Big bluestem	Gramineae	Common
Andropogon virginicus	Broom sedge bluestem	Gramineae	Abundant
Anemone caroliniana	Carolina anemone	Ranunculaceae	Scarce
Antennaria parlinii	Plainleaf pussytoes	Asteraceae	Common
Apocynum cannabinum	Indian hemp, prairie dogbane	Apocynaceae	Scattered
Arenaria drummondii	Drummond sandwort	Caryophyllaceae	Scattered
Arenaria patula	Sandwort	Caryophyllaceae	Unknown
Argythamnia humilis	Wild mercury	Euphorbiaceae	Scarce
Arisaema dracontium	Dragonroot, green dragon	Araceae	Scattered
Aristida dichotoma	Church mouse three-awn	Gramineae	Unknown
Aristida oligantha	Old-field three-awn	Gramineae	Unknown
Aristida purpurascens	Arrowfeather three-awn	Gramineae	Unknown
Aristida purpurea	Purple three-awn	Gramineae	Unknown
Artemisia ludoviciana	White sage, western sage	Asteraceae	Common
Arundinaria gigantea	Giant cane	Gramineae	Scattered
Asclepias asperula	Spider antelope horn	Asclepiadaceae	Scattered
Asclepias tuberosa	Butterfly milkweed	Asclepiadaceae	Scattered
Asclepias viridis	Green milkweed, spider milkweed	Asclepiadaceae	Common
Asplenium platyneuron	Ebony spleenwort	Aspleniaceae	Unknown
Aster drummondii	Arrowleaf aster, blue wood aster	Asteraceae	Unknown
Aster ericoides	Heath aster, wreath aster	Asteraceae	Scattered
Aster spp.	Asters	Asteraceae	Common
Baptisia bracteata	Plains wild indigo	Fabaceae	Scattered
Bidens aristosa	Coreopsis beggar-ticks	Asteraceae	Scattered
Bidens bipinnata	Spanish needles	Asteraceae	Scarce
Boehmeria cylindrica	Bog hemp, false nettle	Urticaceae	Scarce
Boltonia asteroides	False starwort, boltonia	Asteraceae	Scattered
Bothriochloa saccharoides	Silver bluestem	Gramineae	Scattered
Botrychium virginianum	Rattlesnake fern	Ophioglossaceae	Scattered
Bouteloua curtipendula	Side oats grama	Gramineae	Scarce
Bouteloua hirsuta	Hairy grama	Gramineae	Scarce
Brachiaria platyphylla	Broadleaf signal grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Bromus japonicus	Japanese brome	Gramineae	Common
Bromus pubescens	Canada brome	Gramineae	Scarce
Bromus tectorum	Downy brome	Gramineae	Common
Bromus unioloides	Rescue grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Buchloe dactyloides	Buffalo grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Bumelia lanuginosa	Chittamwood, woolly buckthorn	Sapotaceae	Scattered
Cacalia plantaginea	Indian plantain, prairie plantain	Asteraceae	Unknown
Callirhoe alcaeoides	Pink poppy mallow	Malvaceae	Scattered
Callirhoe involucrata	Purple poppy mallow, wine-cup	Malvaceae	Common
Campsis radicans	Trumpet vine	Bignoniaceae	Common
Capsella bursa-pastoris	Shepherd’s purse	Brassicaceae	Scattered
Carex spp.	Sedges	Cyperaceae	Common
Carya aquatica	Water hickory	Juglandaceae	Scarce
Carya illinoensis	Pecan	Juglandaceae	Common
Carya texana	Black hickory	Juglandaceae	Common
Cassia fasciculata	Partridge pea	Fabaceae	Common
Cassia marilandica	Wild senna	Fabaceae	Scarce
Cassia nictitans	Sensitive pea	Fabaceae	Scattered
Cassia obtusifolia	Sicklepod	Fabaceae	Scarce
Cassia occidentalis	Coffee senna, coffeeweed	Fabaceae	Scarce
Castilleja coccinea	Indian paintbrush	Scrophulariaceae	Common
Castilleja indivisa	Indian paintbrush	Scrophulariaceae	Scattered
Catalpa speciosa	Cigar tree, northern catalpa	Bignoniaceae	Scarce
Celtis spp.	Hackberries	Ulmaceae	Common
Cenchrus incertus	Sandbur, grass bur	Gramineae	Scattered
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Buttonbush, globeflower	Rubiaceae	Scattered
Cerastium fontanum	Common mouse-ear chickweed	Caryophyllaceae	Scattered
Cerastium glomeratum	Clammy chickweed	Caryophyllaceae	Scattered
Cercis canadensis	Redbud	Fabaceae	Common
Chaerophyllum procumbens	Wild chervil	Apiaceae	Scarce
Chaerophyllum tainturieri	Hairy fruit wild chervil	Apiaceae	Scattered
Chaetopappa asteroides	Least daisy	Asteraceae	Unknown
Chasmanthium latifolium	Inland sea oats	Gramineae	Common
Chenopodium album	Lamb’s-quarters	Chenopodiaceae	Scattered
Chenopodium ambrosioides	Mexican tea, wormseed, goosefoot	Chenopodiaceae	Scattered
Chenopodium leptophyllum	Slimleaf goosefoot	Chenopodiaceae	Scarce
Chrysopsis pilosa	Softhair golden aster	Asteraceae	Common
Chrysopsis villosa	Roughhair golden aster	Asteraceae	Scattered
Cinna arundinacea	Stout woodreed	Gramineae	Scattered
Cirsium altissimum	Tall thistle	Asteraceae	Common
Cirsium undulatum	Wavyleaf thistle	Asteraceae	Common
Cissus incisa	Possum grape, ivy treebine	Vitaceae	Scarce
Claytonia virginica	Virginia spring beauty	Portulacaceae	Scattered
Clematis pitcheri	Pitcher’s clematis, leatherflower	Ranunculaceae	Scarce
Clitoria mariana	Butterfly pea, pigeonwings	Fabaceae	Scarce
Cnidoscolus texanus	Bull nettle	Euphorbiaceae	Scarce
Cocculus carolinus	Carolina snail-seed, moonseed	Menispermaceae	Common
Coelorachis cylindrica	Carolina jointtail, joint grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Collinsia violacea	Violet collinsia	Scrophulariaceae	Scarce
Commelina communis	Dayflower	Commelinaceae	Scarce
Commelina erecta	Erect dayflower	Commelinaceae	Scarce
Conyza canadensis	Horseweed, mare’s tail	Asteraceae	Common
Cooperia drummondii	Rain lily, cebolleta	Amaryllidaceae	Scattered
Coreopsis grandiflora	Bigflower coreopsis, tickseed	Asteraceae	Common
Coreopsis tinctoria	Plains coreopsis	Asteraceae	Scattered
Cornus drummondii	Rough-leaved dogwood	Cornaceae	Scattered
Cornus florida	Flowering dogwood	Cornaceae	Scattered
Corydalis micrantha	Slender fumewort	Fumariaceae	Scarce
Crataegus crus-galli	Cockspur hawthorn, red haw	Rosaceae	Unknown
Crataegus spp.	Hawthorns	Rosaceae	Scattered
Crataegus viridis	Green hawthorn	Rosaceae	Unknown
Crotalaria sagittalis	Rattlebox	Fabaceae	Scarce
Croton capitatus	Woolly croton, hogwort	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Croton glandulosus	Croton, tropic croton	Euphorbiaceae	Common
Croton lindheimerianus	Three-seeded croton	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Croton monanthogynus	One-seeded croton	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Cryptotaenia canadensis	Honewort	Apiaceae	Scattered
Cucurbita foetidissima	Buffalo gourd, wild pumpkin	Cucurbitaceae	Scarce
Cuphea viscosissima	Blue waxweed, clammy cuphea	Lythraceae	Scarce
Cuscuta spp.	Dodders	Convolvulaceae	Scattered
Cynanchum laeve	Blue vine, sand vine, honey vine	Asclepiadaceae	Scarce
Cynodon dactylon	Bermuda grass	Gramineae	Abundant
Cyperus esculentus	Yellow nut grass, chufa	Cyperaceae	Scattered
Cyperus ovularis	Globe flat sedge	Cyperaceae	Common
Cyperus spp.	Flat sedges	Cyperaceae	Common
Dactylis glomerata	Orchard grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Datura stramonium	Jimsonweed	Solanaceae	Scarce
Daucus pusillus	Southwestern carrot	Apiaceae	Scattered
Delphinium carolinianum	Carolina larkspur	Ranunculaceae	Scarce
Delphinium tricorne	Dwarf larkspur	Ranunculaceae	Scarce
Desmanthus illinoensis	Illinois bundleflower	Fabaceae	Scattered
Desmanthus leptolobus	Bundleflower, prairie bundleflower	Fabaceae	Scattered
Desmodium canescens	Hoary tick clover, beggar’s-lice	Fabaceae	Scattered
Desmodium ciliare	Tick trefoil, littleleaf tick clover	Fabaceae	Common
Desmodium cuspidatum	Longleaf tick clover	Fabaceae	Scarce
Desmodium paniculatum	Panicled tick clover	Fabaceae	Common
Desmodium sessilifolium	Sessile tick clover	Fabaceae	Common
Diarrhena americana	Beakgrain	Gramineae	Unknown
Dichanthelium clandestinum	Deertongue dichanthelium	Gramineae	Scarce
Dichanthelium lanuginosum	Woolly dichanthelium	Gramineae	Common
Dichanthelium laxiflorum	Open flower dichanthelium	Gramineae	Scattered
Dichanthelium oligosanthes	Scribner’s dichanthelium	Gramineae	Common
Dichanthelium ravenelii	Bosc dichanthelium	Gramineae	Scattered
Dichanthelium scoparium	Velvet dichanthelium	Gramineae	Scattered
Dicliptera brachiata	Dicliptera	Acanthaceae	Scattered
Digitaria sanguinalis	Hairy crabgrass	Gramineae	Common
Diodia teres	Rough buttonweed, poor joe	Rubiaceae	Scattered
Diospyros virginiana	Persimmon	Ebenaceae	Scarce
Dracopis amplexicaulis	Coneflower, clasping coneflower	Asteraceae	Scattered
Echinacea pallida	Pale coneflower	Asteraceae	Unknown
Echinochloa crusgalli	Barnyard grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Eclipta prostrata	Yerba de tajo	Asteraceae	Scattered
Elaeagnus angustifolia	Russian olive	Elaeagnaceae	Scarce
Elaeagnus umbellata	Autumn olive	Elaeagnaceae	Scarce
Eleocharis spp.	Spikes edges	Cyperaceae	Scarce
Elephantopus carolinianus	Elephant’s foot	Asteraceae	Scattered
Eleusine indica	Goose grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Elymus canadensis	Canada wild rye	Gramineae	Common
Elymus virginicus	Virginia wild rye	Gramineae	Scattered
Eragrostis curtipedicellata	Gummy love grass	Gramineae	Unknown
Eragrostis curvula	Weeping love grass	Gramineae	Abundant
Eragrostis secundiflora	Red love grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Erigeron philadelphicus	Philadelphia fleabane	Asteraceae	Scattered
Erigeron pulchellus	Robin’s plantain	Asteraceae	Scattered
Erigeron strigosus	Daisy fleabane	Asteraceae	Common
Eriochloa contracta	Prairie cup grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Eryngium leavenworthii	Leavenworth eryngo	Apiaceae	Scattered
Eryngium yuccifolium	Button snakeroot	Apiaceae	Scarce
Euonymus atropurpureus	Wahoo, burning bush	Celastraceae	Scarce
Eupatorium coelestinum	Mist flower	Asteraceae	Scattered
Eupatorium rugosum	White snakeroot	Asteraceae	Common
Euphorbia dentata	Toothed spurge	Euphorbiaceae	Unknown
Euphorbia heterophylla	Painted euphorbia, catalina	Euphorbiaceae	Scarce
Euphorbia maculata	Spotted euphorbia	Euphorbiaceae	Scarce
Euphorbia nutans	Eyebane	Euphorbiaceae	Unknown
Festuca arundinacea	Tall fescue	Gramineae	Abundant
Fragaria virginiana	Wild strawberry	Rosaceae	Scarce
Fraxinus pennsylvanica	Green ash	Oleaceae	Common
Gaillardia pulchella	Indian blanket, fire wheels	Asteraceae	Scarce
Galactia regularis	Downy milk pea	Fabaceae	Scarce
Galium aparine	Catchweed bedstraw	Rubiaceae	Scattered
Galium circaezans	Weed bedstraw, wild licorice	Rubiaceae	Scattered
Galium pilosum	Hairy bedstraw	Rubiaceae	Scattered
Gaura parviflora	Velvety gaura	Onagraceae	Scarce
Geranium carolinianum	Carolina cranesbill	Geraniaceae	Common
Geum canadense	White avens, redroot	Rosaceae	Scattered
Geum vernum	Heartleaf avens, water avens	Rosaceae	Scarce
Gillenia stipulata	Indian physic, American ipecac	Rosaceae	Scarce
Glecoma hederacea	Ground ivy	Lamiaceae	Unknown
Gleditsia triacanthos	Honey locust	Fabaceae	Common
Glinus lotoides	Glinus	Aizoaceae	Scarce
Gnaphalium obtusifolium	Sweet everlasting, fragrant cudweed	Asteraceae	Scattered
Gnaphalium purpureum	Purple cudweed	Asteraceae	Scarce
Gutierrezia dracunculoides	Common broomweed	Asteraceae	Scattered
Hedeoma hispidum	Rough pennyroyal	Lamiaceae	Unknown
Hedyotis spp.	Bluets	Rubiaceae	Common
Helenium amarum	Sneezeweed, bitterweed	Asteraceae	Common
Helianthus annuus	Common sunflower	Asteraceae	Scattered
Helianthus hirsutus	Hairy sunflower, coarse sunflower	Asteraceae	Scattered
Helianthus maximiliani	Maximilian sunflower	Asteraceae	Scarce
Helianthus mollis	Ashy sunflower	Asteraceae	Scattered
Helianthus tuberosus	Jerusalem artichoke	Asteraceae	Scarce
Heliotropium indicum	India heliotrope, turnsole	Boraginaceae	Scarce
Heterotheca latifolia	Golden aster, camphor weed	Asteraceae	Scattered
Hibiscus militaris	Scarlet rose mallow	Malvaceae	Unknown
Hieracium longipilum	Longbeard hawkweed	Asteraceae	Scarce
Hordeum pusillum	Little barley	Gramineae	Scattered
Hypericum drummondii	Nits-and-lice	Hypericaceae	Scarce
Hypericum hypericoides	Saint-Andrew’s-cross	Hypericaceae	Scattered
Hypericum punctatum	Spotted Saint-John’s-wort	Hypericaceae	Scattered
Hypoxis hirsuta	Yellow star grass	Amaryllidaceae	Unknown
Ilex decidua	Deciduous holly	Aquifoliaceae	Scattered
Impatiens capensis	Spotted touch-me-not	Balsaminaceae	Scarce
Ipomoea nil	Ivyleaf morning glory	Convolvulaceae	Scattered
Ipomoea pandurata	Wild potato vine	Convolvulaceae	Scattered
Iresine rhizomatosa	Bloodleaf, judas bush	Amaranthaceae	Scarce
Iris spp. (propagated)	Iris, flag	Iridaceae	Scarce
Iva angustifolia	Narrowleaf false ragweed	Asteraceae	Scarce
Iva annua	Annual false ragweed, sumpweed	Asteraceae	Common
Juglans nigra	Black walnut	Juglandaceae	Scarce
Juncus spp.	Rushes	Juncaceae	Scattered
Juniperus virginiana	Eastern red cedar	Cupressaceae	Scattered
Jussiaea decurrens	Wingleaf water primrose	Onagraceae	Scattered
Jussiaea peploides	Creeping water primrose	Onagraceae	Common
Krigia cespitosa	Common dwarf dandelion	Asteraceae	Unknown
Krigia dandelion	Potato dandelion	Asteraceae	Scattered
Krigia virginica	Dwarf dandelion	Asteraceae	Unknown
Lactuca canadensis	Wild lettuce	Asteraceae	Scattered
Lactuca sativa	Prickly lettuce	Asteraceae	Common
Lamium amplexicaule	Henbit	Lamiaceae	Common
Laportea canadensis	Wood nettle	Urticaceae	Unknown
Lathyrus hirsutus	Singletary peavine	Fabaceae	Scattered
Lechea villosa	Pinweed	Cistaceae	Unknown
Leersia virginica	White grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Lepidium densiflorum	Peppergrass	Brassicaceae	Common
Lepidium virginicum	Virginia peppergrass	Brassicaceae	Scarce
Leptoloma cognatum	Fall witchgrass	Gramineae	Scattered
Lespedeza capitata	Bush clover, roundhead lespedeza	Fabaceae	Scarce
Lespedeza cuneata	Sericea lespedeza	Fabaceae	Common
Lespedeza procumbens	Trailing lespedeza	Fabaceae	Common
Lespedeza repens	Creeping lespedeza	Fabaceae	Scattered
Lespedeza stipulacea	Korean clover, Korean lespedeza	Fabaceae	Scattered
Lespedeza striata	Japanese clover, common lespedeza	Fabaceae	Common
Lespedeza stuevei	Stuve’s lespedeza	Fabaceae	Scattered
Lespedeza virginica	Slender lespedeza	Fabaceae	Scattered
Liatris aspera	Tall gayfeather, blazing star	Asteraceae	Scattered
Liatris mucronata	Narrowleaf gayfeather	Asteraceae	Scattered
Ligustrum sinense	Privet hedge, Chinese privet	Oleaceae	Scarce
Limnosciadium pinnatum	Arkansas dogshade	Apiaceae	Unknown
Linaria canadensis	Old-field toadflax	Scrophulariaceae	Common
Linum medium	Sucker flax	Linaceae	Unknown
Linum sulcatum	Grooved flax	Linaceae	Scarce
Lithospermum incisum	Narrowleaf puccoon, fringed puccoon	Boraginaceae	Scarce
Lobelia appendiculata	Earflower lobelia	Lobeliaceae	Scarce
Lobelia cardinalis	Cardinal flower	Lobeliaceae	Scarce
Lobelia spicata	Palespike lobelia	Lobeliaceae	Scarce
Lolium perenne	Ryegrass	Gramineae	Common
Lonicera japonica	Japanese honeysuckle	Caprifoliaceae	Scarce
Ludwigia alternifolia	Bushy seedbox	Onagraceae	Scarce
Ludwigia glandulosa	Creeping seedbox	Onagraceae	Unknown
Lycopus americanus	American bugleweed	Lamiaceae	Scarce
Lysimachia spp.	Loosestrifes	Primulaceae	Unknown
Lythrum alatum	Loosestrife	Lythraceae	Scattered
Maclura pomifera	Osage orange, bois d’arc	Moraceae	Abundant
Marshallia caespitosa	Barbara’s buttons	Asteraceae	Unknown
Medicago orbicularis	Button clover, button medic	Fabaceae	Scarce
Melilotus albus	White sweet clover	Fabaceae	Common
Melilotus officinalis	Yellow sweet clover	Fabaceae	Common
Melothria pendula	Drooping melonette	Cucurbitaceae	Scarce
Mimulus alatus	Sharp-winged monkey flower	Scrophulariaceae	Scarce
Mollugo verticillata	Carpetweed	Aizoaceae	Scarce
Monarda fistulosa	Wild bergamot	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Monarda punctata	Horsemint, spotted bee balm	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Monarda russeliana	Red-spotted horsemint	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Morus rubra	Red mulberry	Moraceae	Scattered
Muhlenbergia schreberi	Nimble will	Gramineae	Unknown
Muhlenbergia sobolifera	Rocky muhly	Gramineae	Unknown
Myosotis verna	Early scorpion grass	Boraginaceae	Unknown
Nelumbo lutea	Lotus lily, American lotus	Nymphaeaceae	Scarce
Nemastylis geminiflora	Celestial lily, prairie iris	Iridaceae	Scarce
Neptunia lutea	Yellow neptunia	Mimosaceae	Scattered
Nothoscordum bivalve	Crow poison	Liliaceae	Scattered
Nyssa sylvatica	Black gum, water tupelo	Nyssaceae	Scarce
Oenothera biennis	Common evening primrose	Onagraceae	Scattered
Oenothera fruticosa	Common sundrops	Onagraceae	Scattered
Oenothera laciniata	Cut-leaf evening primrose	Onagraceae	Scattered
Oenothera linifolia	Narrow-leaved evening primrose	Onagraceae	Scarce
Oenothera rhombipetala	Fourpoint evening primrose	Onagraceae	Scarce
Oenothera serrulata	Day primrose, half-shrub sundrops	Onagraceae	Unknown
Oenothera speciosa	White evening primrose	Onagraceae	Unknown
Opuntia engelmannii	Engelmann prickly pear	Cactaceae	Scattered
Opuntia leptocaulis	Pencil cholla	Cactaceae	Scarce
Oxalis dillenii	Yellow wood sorrel	Oxalidaceae	Common
Oxalis violacea	Violet wood sorrel	Oxalidaceae	Scarce
Panicum anceps	Beaked panicum	Gramineae	Common
Panicum capillare	Common witchgrass	Gramineae	Scattered
Panicum obtusum	Vine mesquite	Gramineae	Scattered
Panicum virgatum	Switch grass, fall switch grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Parthenium hysterophorus	Santa Maria, false ragweed	Asteraceae	Scarce
Parthenocissus quinquefolia	Virginia creeper	Vitaceae	Common
Paspalum dilatatum	Dallis grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Paspalum floridanum	Florida paspalum	Gramineae	Scattered
Paspalum laeve	Field paspalum	Gramineae	Scattered
Paspalum setaceum	Thin paspalum, fringeleaf paspalum	Gramineae	Common
Passiflora incarnata	Maypop passionflower	Passifloraceae	Scattered
Passiflora lutea	Yellow passionflower	Passifloraceae	Scarce
Penstemon spp.	Penstemons, beardtongues	Scrophulariaceae	Unknown
Penthorum sedoides	Ditch stonecrop	Saxifragaceae	Scarce
Perilla frutescens	Common perilla	Lamiaceae	Scarce
Petalostemon candidum	White prairie clover	Fabaceae	Scarce
Petalostemon purpureum	Purple prairie clover	Fabaceae	Scattered
Phacelia hirsuta	Hairy blue curls, phacelia	Hydrophyllaceae	Scarce
Phalaris canariensis	Canary grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Phalaris caroliniana	Carolina canary grass, maygrass	Gramineae	Scarce
Phoradendron serotinum	Mistletoe	Loranthaceae	Scattered
Phyla incisa	Sawtooth frogfruit, fogfruit	Verbenaceae	Scattered
Physalis angulata	Cut-leaf ground-cherry	Solanaceae	Scattered
Physalis viscosa	Field ground-cherry	Solanaceae	Unknown
Physostegia angustifolia	Narrowleaf lion’s-heart	Lamiaceae	Unknown
Phytolacca americana	Pokeweed, poke	Phytolaccaceae	Scattered
Plantago aristata	Bottlebrush plantain, buckhorn	Plantaginaceae	Scattered
Plantago lanceolata	Buckhorn plantain	Plantaginaceae	Scattered
Plantago rugelii	Rugel’s plantain	Plantaginaceae	Scarce
Platanus occidentalis	Sycamore	Platanaceae	Scattered
Pluchea camphorata	Camphor weed	Asteraceae	Scarce
Pluchea odorata	Purple camphor weed, marsh fleabane	Asteraceae	Scarce
Poa chapmaniana	Chapman bluegrass	Gramineae	Scarce
Poa compressa	Canada bluegrass	Gramineae	Scarce
Podophyllum peltatum	Mayapple	Berberidaceae	Scattered
Polygala incarnata	Pink milkwort	Polygalaceae	Scarce
Polygala sanguinea	Blood polygala	Polygalaceae	Unknown
Polygala verticillata	Whorled milkwort	Polygalaceae	Unknown
Polygonum aviculare	Prostrate knotweed	Polygonaceae	Scarce
Polygonum convolvulus	Wild buckwheat, dullseed cornbind	Polygonaceae	Scarce
Polygonum hydropiperoides	Mild water pepper, swamp smartweed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polygonum lapathifolium	Curltop smartweed, pale smartweed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polygonum pensylvanicum	Pennsylvania smartweed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polygonum persicaria	Lady’s thumb, spotted smartweed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polygonum punctatum	Water smartweed, dotted smartweed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polygonum virginianum	Virginia knotweed, jumpseed	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Polypremum procumbens	Juniperleaf	Loganiaceae	Scarce
Polytaenia nuttallii	Prairie parsley, parsnip	Apiaceae	Scattered
Populus deltoides	Cottonwood	Salicaceae	Scattered
Prionopsis ciliata	Wax goldenweed	Asteraceae	Common
Prunella vulgaris	Common self-heal, heal-all	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Prunus angustifolia	Chickasaw plum, sandhill plum	Rosaceae	Scarce
Prunus mexicana	Big-tree plum, Mexican plum	Rosaceae	Common
Prunus persica	Peach	Rosaceae	Scarce
Prunus rivularis	Creek plum, hog plum	Rosaceae	Scarce
Prunus serotina	Black cherry, wild cherry	Rosaceae	Scarce
Psoralea tenuiflora	Wild alfalfa, scurfy pea	Fabaceae	Scarce
Ptilimnium nuttallii	Nuttall’s mock bishop-weed	Apiaceae	Scattered
Pycnanthemum virginianum	Virginia mountain mint	Lamiaceae	Scarce
Pyrrhopappus carolinianus	False dandelion	Asteraceae	Unknown
Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus	False dandelion	Asteraceae	Scattered
Pyrus communis	Common pear	Rosaceae	Scarce
Quercus macrocarpa	Bur oak	Fagaceae	Scattered
Quercus marilandica	Blackjack oak	Fagaceae	Common
Quercus muhlenbergii	Chinquapin oak	Fagaceae	Scattered
Quercus shumardii	Shumard’s oak, southern red oak	Fagaceae	Scattered
Quercus stellata	Post oak	Fagaceae	Abundant
Quercus velutina	Black oak	Fagaceae	Common
Ranunculus fascicularis	Early buttercup, tufted buttercup	Ranunculaceae	Unknown
Ratibida columnifera	Yellow coneflower	Asteraceae	Common
Rhamnus caroliniana	Buckthorn, indian cherry	Rhamnaceae	Scarce
Rhus aromatica	Fragrant sumac, skunkbush	Anacardiaceae	Common
Rhus copallina	Winged sumac, dwarf sumac	Anacardiaceae	Scattered
Rhus glabra	Smooth sumac	Anacardiaceae	Scattered
Rhynchosia latifolia	Broadleaf snoutbean	Fabaceae	Scarce
Rhynchospora spp.	Beak rushes	Cyperaceae	Unknown
Robinia hispida	Rose acacia	Fabaceae	Scarce
Robinia pseudo-acacia	Black locust	Fabaceae	Scarce
Rorippa palustris	Bog yellow cress	Brassicaceae	Scattered
Rosa multiflora	Multiflora rose, Japanese rose	Rosaceae	Scarce
Rosa setigera	Climbing prairie rose	Rosaceae	Unknown
Rosa spp.	Roses	Rosaceae	Scattered
Rubus spp.	Dewberries, blackberries	Rosaceae	Abundant
Rudbeckia hirta	Black-eyed Susan	Asteraceae	Common
Rudbeckia triloba	Brown-eyed Susan	Asteraceae	Scattered
Ruellia humilis	Low ruellia, fringed-leaf ruellia	Acanthaceae	Scattered
Ruellia strepens	Limestone ruellia, wild petunia	Acanthaceae	Scattered
Rumex crispus	Curly dock	Polygonaceae	Common
Rumex hastatulus	Heartwing sorrel, heart sorrel	Polygonaceae	Scattered
Sabatia campestris	Prairie rose, meadow pink	Gentianaceae	Scattered
Sagittaria spp.	Arrowheads	Alismataceae	Scarce
Salix nigra	Black willow	Salicaceae	Scattered
Salvia azurea	Azure blue sage	Lamiaceae	Scarce
Salvia lyrata	Lyreleaf sage	Lamiaceae	Unknown
Sambucus canadensis	Elderberry	Caprifoliaceae	Scattered
Sanicula canadensis	Canada sanicula, snakeroot	Apiaceae	Scattered
Sanicula gregaria	Cluster sanicula, snakeroot	Apiaceae	Scattered
Sapindus drummondii	Soapberry	Sapindaceae	Scattered
Schedonnardus paniculatus	Tumble grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Schizachyrium scoparium	Little bluestem	Gramineae	Abundant
Schrankia nuttallii	Catclaw sensitive brier	Mimosaceae	Scattered
Scirpus spp.	Bulrushes	Cyperaceae	Unknown
Scleria spp.	Nut rushes	Cyperaceae	Unknown
Scutellaria parvula	Small skullcap	Lamiaceae	Scarce
Secale cereale	Rye	Gramineae	Scarce
Senecio imparipinnatus	Groundsel	Asteraceae	Unknown
Senecio obovatus	Squaw-weed, round-leaf groundsel	Asteraceae	Scattered
Senecio plattensis	Prairie groundsel or ragwort	Asteraceae	Scattered
Sesbania macrocarpa	Coffee-bean sesbania	Fabaceae	Scarce
Setaria geniculata	Knotroot bristle grass	Gramineae	Common
Setaria glauca	Yellow bristle grass	Gramineae	Scattered
Setaria italica	Foxtail millet	Gramineae	Scarce
Setaria viridis	Green bristle grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Sicyos angulatus	One-seeded bur cucumber	Cucurbitaceae	Unknown
Sida spinosa	Prickly sida, mallow	Malvaceae	Scarce
Silene stellata	Starry campion	Caryophyllaceae	Scattered
Silphium asteriscus	Starry leaf rosinwood	Asteraceae	Scarce
Silphium laciniatum	Compass plant	Asteraceae	Scarce
Sisyrinchium angustifolium	Blue-eyed grass	Iridaceae	Scattered
Smilax bona-nox	Greenbrier, catbrier, bullbrier	Liliaceae	Common
Smilax tamnoides	Bristly greenbrier	Liliaceae	Scattered
Solanum carolinense	Carolina horse nettle	Solanaceae	Common
Solanum cornutum	Buffalo bur	Solanaceae	Scattered
Solanum elaeagnifolium	Silverleaf nightshade	Solanaceae	Scattered
Solanum ptycanthum	Black nightshade	Solanaceae	Scarce
Solidago gigantea	Giant goldenrod	Asteraceae	Scattered
Solidago missouriensis	Missouri Basin goldenrod	Asteraceae	Scattered
Solidago nitida	Flat-topped goldenrod	Asteraceae	Scattered
Solidago rigida	Stiff prairie goldenrod	Asteraceae	Scattered
Solidago ulmifolia	Elm leaf goldenrod	Asteraceae	Scattered
Sonchus asper	Spiney-leaved sow thistle	Asteraceae	Scattered
Sophora affinis	Eve’s necklace	Fabaceae	Scarce
Sorghastrum nutans	Indian grass	Gramineae	Common
Sorghum bicolor	Sorghum	Gramineae	Scarce
Sorghum halepense	Johnson grass	Gramineae	Common
Sphenopholis obtusata	Prairie wedge scale	Gramineae	Unknown
Spiranthes vernalis	Twisted ladies’ tresses	Orchidaceae	Scarce
Sporobolus asper	Meadow dropseed	Gramineae	Unknown
Sporobolus cryptandrus	Sand dropseed	Gramineae	Unknown
Sporobolus pyramidatus	Whorled dropseed	Gramineae	Scarce
Stachys tenuifolia	Slenderleaf betony	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Stellaria media	Common chickweed	Caryophyllaceae	Scarce
Stillingia sylvatica	Queen’s-delight	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Strophostyles helvola	Wild bean	Fabaceae	Scattered
Strophostyles leiosperma	Smooth seed wild bean	Fabaceae	Common
Stylosanthes biflora	Pencil flower	Fabaceae	Scarce
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus	Coralberry, buckbrush	Caprifoliaceae	Abundant
Taraxacum officinale	Common dandelion	Asteraceae	Common
Teucrium canadense	American germander	Lamiaceae	Scattered
Thalia dealbata	Powdery thalia	Marantaceae	Scarce
Thalictrum dasycarpum	Purple meadow rue	Ranunculaceae	Unknown
Thlaspi arvense	Field pennycress, stinkweed	Brassicaceae	Scarce
Torilis arvensis	Hedge parsley	Apiaceae	Common
Toxicodendron radicans	Poison ivy	Anacardiaceae	Common
Tradescantia ohioensis	Ohio spiderwort	Commelinaceae	Scattered
Tragia betonicifolia	Nettleleaf, noseburn	Euphorbiaceae	Scattered
Tribulus terrestris	Bullhead, goathead, puncture vine	Zygophyllaceae	Scarce
Tridens albescens	White tridens	Gramineae	Scarce
Tridens flavus	Purpletop	Gramineae	Common
Tridens strictus	Longspike tridens	Gramineae	Scattered
Trifolium campestre	Plains clover, low hop clover	Fabaceae	Common
Trifolium dubium	Small hop clover, shamrock	Fabaceae	Scattered
Trifolium repens	White clover, ladino clover	Fabaceae	Common
Trifolium vesiculosum	Arrowleaf clover	Fabaceae	Scattered
Triodanis perfoliata	Clasping Venus’s looking-glass	Campanulaceae	Scattered
Tripsacum dactyloides	Eastern gama grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Triticum aestivum	Wheat	Gramineae	Scattered
Typha spp.	Cattails	Typhaceae	Scarce
Ulmus alata	Winged elm	Ulmaceae	Abundant
Ulmus americana	American elm	Ulmaceae	Scattered
Ulmus rubra	Slippery elm	Ulmaceae	Scarce
Vaccinium arboreum	Farkleberry	Ericaceae	Scarce
Valerianella radiata	Common beaked corn salad	Valerianaceae	Scattered
Verbascum thapsus	Common mullein	Scrophulariaceae	Scattered
Verbena bipinnatifida	Sweet William, fringe verbena	Verbenaceae	Common
Verbena bracteata	Bracted vervain	Verbenaceae	Scarce
Verbena brasiliensis	Brazilian verbena	Verbenaceae	Scarce
Verbena canadensis	Rose vervain	Verbenaceae	Common
Verbena stricta	Woolly vervain, mullenleaf vervain	Verbenaceae	Scarce
Verbena urticifolia	White vervain, white verbena	Verbenaceae	Scattered
Verbesina alternifolia	Yellow ironweed, wingstem	Asteraceae	Scattered
Verbesina helianthoides	Crownbeard	Asteraceae	Scarce
Verbesina virginica	White crownbeard, frostweed	Asteraceae	Scattered
Vernonia baldwinii	Western ironweed	Asteraceae	Common
Veronica arvensis	Common speedwell, corn speedwell	Scrophulariaceae	Scattered
Viburnum rufidulum	Rusty black haw	Caprifoliaceae	Common
Vicia minutiflora	Small-flowered vetch	Fabaceae	Scarce
Vicia sativa	Narrowleaf vetch, common vetch	Fabaceae	Scattered
Vicia villosa	Hairy vetch, woollypod vetch	Fabaceae	Scattered
Viola bicolor	Johnny-jump-up, field pansy	Violaceae	Scattered
Viola pubescens	Downy yellow violet	Violaceae	Scarce
Viola sororia	Blue violet	Violaceae	Unknown
Vitis spp.	Grapes	Vitaceae	Scattered
Vitis vulpina	Winter grape, fox grape	Vitaceae	Scarce
Vulpia octoflora	Common six-weeks grass	Gramineae	Unknown
Woodsia obtusa	Blunt-lobed cliff fern	Aspleniaceae	Unknown
Xanthium strumarium	Cocklebur	Asteraceae	Common
Zigadenus nuttallii	Death camas	Liliaceae	Scarce
Zizaniopsis miliacea	Southern wild rice, giant cut-grass	Gramineae	Scarce
Zizia aurea	Golden Alexanders	Apiaceae	Unknown
	Mushrooms		Unknown
^a Contains all terrestrial and emersed aquatic flowering plants identified on the NFWU. Also includes a few miscellaneous plants such as mushrooms and ferns. ^b The relative occurrence of plant species is based on subjective evaluation. The following categories are used to classify relative occurrence: Abundant—Easy to find; often a dominant over large areas. Common—Easy to find; seldom a dominant over large areas. Scattered—Not extremely difficult to find, but more so than ”common”; often thick with patchy distribution or sparse with good distribution; not dominant in the plant community Scarce—Difficult to find; often found in relatively small pockets; not well distributed. Unknown—Plants have been identified on the NFWU, but the authors are unfamiliar with them; most of these plants would probably be categorized as “scarce.”

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